NYC HPD Violations: Class A, B and C and How Long Owners Have to Fix
HPD gives owners 90 days for Class A, 30 for Class B and 24 hours for most Class C violations, with 21 days for lead, mold and pests. How to certify a fix.
By Seayora Editorial Team · Published · Facts checked · 2 min read
Short answer: New York City’s Department of Housing Preservation and Development classifies housing code violations as Class A (non-hazardous), Class B (hazardous) or Class C (immediately hazardous). From the date of service, an owner has 90 days to correct a Class A violation and 30 days for Class B. Most Class C violations must be corrected within 24 hours, but lead-based paint, window guards, mold and pests get 21 days, self-closing doors 14 days, and heat and hot water no time at all. Owners must certify each correction to HPD.
Key takeaways
- Class A: 90 days. Class B: 30 days. Most Class C: 24 hours.
- Class C lead paint, window guards, mold, mice, cockroaches and rats: 21 days. Self-closing doors: 14 days.
- Heat and hot water violations get no correction period.
- Certify every correction, by paper or eCertification, or the violation stays open.
What do the violation classes mean?
HPD issues violations under the Housing Maintenance Code in three classes by severity: Class A non-hazardous, Class B hazardous and Class C immediately hazardous. Each Notice of Violation shows the date by which the condition must be corrected and certified (HPD).
| Class | Type | Time to correct |
|---|---|---|
| A | Non-hazardous | 90 days |
| B | Hazardous | 30 days |
| C: lead-based paint, window guards, mold, mice, cockroaches and rats | Immediately hazardous | 21 days |
| C: self-closing doors | Immediately hazardous | 14 days |
| C: heat and hot water | Immediately hazardous | No time |
| All other Class C | Immediately hazardous | 24 hours |
How do you certify a correction?
Fixing the condition is not enough; the owner must certify to HPD, within the deadline, that it has been corrected. Certification is free and can be filed on paper using the Notice of Violation or the department’s forms, or electronically through eCertification, except that lead-based paint, mold and pest violations cannot be certified through eCertification. Failing to certify can put an owner on HPD’s Certification Watchlist. Class B and Class C mold violations issued on or after March 1, 2018 also require an additional affidavit and may require more documentation (HPD; HPD indoor allergen hazards).
Where can you see a building’s open violations?
HPD Online lists every open violation, complaint and registration for a building by address. Check it before buying, before a refinance and on a regular schedule for buildings you manage, because an uncertified violation stays open even after the work is done.
For heating season rules, see NYC heat and hot water rules; for every recurring filing, see the NYC landlord compliance calendar.
Frequently asked questions
How long does a landlord have to fix a Class C violation in NYC?
24 hours for most Class C violations; 21 days for lead-based paint, window guards, mold and pests; 14 days for self-closing doors; and no time for heat and hot water.
What is a Class B HPD violation?
A hazardous condition, which the owner must correct within 30 days of service.
Does an HPD violation close when the repair is done?
No. The owner must certify the correction to HPD, on paper or through eCertification where allowed, or the violation stays open.
Sources
- Clear Violations, NYC Department of Housing Preservation and Development
- Indoor Allergen Hazards (Mold and Pests), NYC Department of Housing Preservation and Development
How Seayora helps
Compliance alerts: Get each building’s new HPD violations and their correction deadlines.
This article is general information, not legal advice. Landlord-tenant law varies by state and city and changes often, so check the current rule for your property and talk to an attorney before acting on a dispute.
How we write and check these guides: editorial standards.
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